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From DESI’s unprecedented maps of the large-scale structure to JWST’s view of galaxies in the early Universe, new observations are testing the standard cosmological and galaxy-formation paradigm across an enormous range of scales and redshifts, revealing both remarkable successes and new challenges. Meeting these challenges requires simulations that combine very large cosmological volumes with sufficient resolution to follow the halos hosting observable galaxies. I will introduce HyperMillennium, a new ultra-large cosmological N-body simulation designed for this purpose, and our efforts to connect it with semi-analytic models of galaxy formation. Together, they provide a framework for reproducing a broad range of observations, making predictions for ongoing and future surveys, and following galaxy populations from the nearby Universe to (z\sim9). I will highlight how this combination of simulations and observations can help us understand where the current picture of galaxy formation succeeds, where it needs refinement, and what we may learn from the rapidly expanding observational frontier.

BIO

Qi Guo is a professor at Beijing Normal University, working on galaxy formation and cosmology. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Munich in 2009 and conducted postdoctoral research at Durham University. In 2013, she was selected as part of the Thousand Talents Program for young scientists adn joined the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and then move to  Beijing Normal University in 2025 . Her research focuses on galaxy cosmology, and she has made a series of high-profile contributions in both theoretical and observational aspects. She was awarded the Chinese Academy of Sciences Young Scientist Award in 2020 and the Royal Society Newton Advanced Fellowship in 2016.

Host: Cheng Zhao